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This test detects the presence of Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCAs) in the serum. ANCAs are primarily IgG antibodies that target antigens in the cytoplasm of neutrophils (the most common type of white blood cell) and monocytes.

• p-ANCA (perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) displays a perinuclear staining pattern.
• The presence of c-ANCA is strongly associated with Wegener’s granulomatosis, a type of vasculitis that affects blood vessels.

Detection of these antibodies helps in diagnosing certain autoimmune conditions, particularly those involving inflammation of the blood vessels.