The Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125) test is a tumor marker commonly used to monitor ovarian cancer and assess the effectiveness of treatment. However, CA-125 has limited specificity for ovarian cancer, meaning that elevated CA-125 levels can also be found in individuals without ovarian cancer, due to other conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory disease.
As a result, the CA-125 test should not be relied upon as definitive proof of the presence or absence of cancer. The results of this test should always be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical evaluations and diagnostic procedures to provide a more accurate diagnosis and to guide treatment decisions.