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- The plasma free metanephrines test measures levels of metanephrine in the blood, a substance derived from adrenaline. Adrenaline is a hormone that helps control blood pressure and manages the body’s response to stress. It is produced in small, fluctuating amounts by the adrenal glands, which are located above the kidneys. In rare cases, specific tumours known as pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas can lead to an overproduction of adrenaline, causing higher levels of metanephrine. This can result in persistently high blood pressure or sudden spikes in blood pressure, along with symptoms like headaches, a fast heartbeat, sweating, anxiety, and tingling sensations. Without treatment, this high blood pressure can harm organs such as the heart and kidneys and increase the risk of stroke or heart attack. The plasma free metanephrines test is effective at detecting these rare tumors. However, factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, or certain medications can cause false positives. If needed, the test may be repeated under controlled conditions. It is primarily used for individuals with symptoms, not as a general screening tool.